Wilson/Frost Differences Between Realism and Imagination

When I was a child, I often passed the time by playing imaginary games in which I was sometimes a superhero, sometimes a pirate, sometimes a teacher. I played these games all the way through elementary school, and when I was ten, I invited a friend over to my house, in the hopes that she would want to play my silly games with me. But when I mentioned it to her, she told me that imaginary games were â€Å"dumb†. If it is not real, what is the point of pretending? I was completely taken aback by what she said; obviously I preferred to live in the imaginary world, and she in the real world. This situation was a classic example of the struggle between realistic points of view and illusionist points of view. Correspondingly, the husband and wives in†¦show more content†¦This shows her view that people pretend to feel sorry for the dead, but people ultimately turn back to the living and recognize the dead as truly gone forever. Amy finds this disconcerting and sickening, an d so she vows that she â€Å"won’t have grief† (106), because if she does not grieve for her child, then the child must not be dead. She therefore resides in an imaginary world in which her child has not passed away and so her husband has not been digging a grave for a dead baby. These differences in viewpoints ultimately lead to strife within the marriages. In Fences, Rose eventually grows tired of Troy’s excessive imaginary tales. She always has to counter her husband’s stories, constantly saying, â€Å"Troy lying† (Wilson 153). Due to their opposing outlooks, the two often argue over things, such as whether or not Troy ought to put his brother, Gabriel, in a home. Rose thinks that â€Å"something ought to be done to help him†, yet Troy believes that â€Å"don’t nobody wanna be locked up† (Wilson 159). In this way, Rose is the realistic one, recognizing that Gabriel has brain damage and is not mentally fit to be living on his own, yet Troy refuses to accept that his brother is incapable of taking care of himself. 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My Favorite Job-Personal Narrative Essay - 610 Words

My Favorite Job-Personal Narrative Working at Woodcreek Athletic Club is the best job I ever had. The hours and pay were great. I had the best boss anyone could have, and I learned an astounding amount. The hours and pay made working at Woodcreek very enjoyable. My schedule was very flexible and could usually adjust it to fit my needs. If I needed to pick the kids up from school I could come in early so that I could leave early. I could also work out or play racquetball during working hours. They never would say anything to me as long as the club was operating smoothly. My lunch hour was also very flexible. For instance, if I had a lunch date at 11:00am on Wednesday I could take my lunch hour then. Or if I had a lunch date on†¦show more content†¦He trusted that I knew what I was doing. If he asked me a question about something, the answer I gave was all he needed. 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Sustainable Marketing And Management Tassal Salmon Oroducer Company

Question: Discuss about the Sustainable Marketing And Management Tassal Company. Answer: Introduction Tassal is one of the largest Salmon producer companys in Australia operating in the Tasmanian Seafood Industry. Tassal is a combination of Tasmanian and salmon and is one of the Australias largest food businesses with a local market share of approximately 65% (Wallis, 2011). The company owns two hatcheries, six marine farms as well as three processing facilities. Tassal has continued to experience growth despite the global oversupply of salmon that has caused a drastic decline in prices. The sustainable growth is due to Tassals shift of focus to the local market. For instance, the company experienced n increase in net profit after tax in the previous five years despite the companys decision to exit the lower-return market. The companys strategy on infrastructure investment and their focus on growing domestic market per capita consumption present excellent strategies that ensure delivery of sustainable growth (Wallis, 2011). Marketing Background of the Company According to Tassal market research, the consumption rate of salmon per person stands at 1.6 kg annually. However, the company aims to improve this up to over 3kg annually which is the European average. This is possible through substantial investment in retail stimulus programs, product development and quality branding mechanisms (Wilkins, 2005). For the purpose of raising awareness on salmon as the best protein option besides chicken and beef in Australian households, the company launched first TV advert campaigns. The advertisement focuses on showing a range of simple salmon dishes with highlights on freshness, health, and versatility. The marketing campaign also involves print ads in lifestyle magazines as well as recipes on some of the leading recipe websites. The rise in demand for salmon in Australia is attributable to increase in awareness on healthy eating, simplicity in cooking and convenience including influence from Asian cuisine on Australian diet (Luther, 2013). However, the processes of marketing products from the Company have been progressive through accrual on increasing sales to its brand as well as their line of products. This is since the company offers diversified products that are aligned towards customer taste and needs (Ahmed and Rafiq, 2002). Such sound marketing strategy is possible through the provision of robust and efficient distribution infrastructure, application of strategic product pricing, as well as giving elaborate and diversified product portfolio (Andruss, 2010). Positioning Tassal ensures the creation of brand awareness through print and TV advertising especially during major holidays like Easter and Christmas seasons. The market demand from the same market segment incorporates different consumer needs, therefore, the possibility of users having the desire for various and unique offers within the same segment. Such cases demand that the product supplies brand with unique characteristics geared towards satisfying consumer needs. This requires that the company prioritizes in accordance to distinctiveness, importance, superiority, communicability, affordability as well as high levels of returns (Kotler and Keller, 2007). The strategy on positioning as used by the company ensures sustainability is maintained by producing and supplying healthy food products to the market. The extent of potentiality that the Company can utilize is clearly perceived through Grahams Easy Matrix, see Appendix II. Product vs. Sustainability The product range for Tassal includes fresh, canned, frozen and packed salmon. For sustainability purposes, the company invests heavily on farming waters infrastructure as well as bio-asset and distribution network. Tassal spends heavily on capital infrastructure that underpins the production in farming and processing. This ensures full maximization on production efficiencies as well as growth while minimizing risks. The need to increase automation and streamlining technology increases volume while concentrating on value addition, therefore, lowers operating costs (Payne and Holt, 2001). Price vs Sustainability The changes made in pricing mechanism in this industry affect demand, therefore, making the pricing system to be considerably highly elastic. This is since in such cases the consumers preference is to embrace substitute protein products with affordable prices of probably of similar qualities (Lindgreen and Finn, 2005). Importantly, the company utilizes strategic changes within its product distribution strategy whereby they give discounts on large purchases of company products, and at the same time, the company uses loyalty programs through distributors which are useful in making up for issues on price elasticity. The sustainability of the companys presence in the market calls for the implementation of premium pricing as a strategy that eventually assists in price justification of products by quality. Such system is capable of producing maximum benefits not only to the company but also to distributors and retailers of the products (Fill, 2009). Sustainability requires that Tassal changes its pricing strategy where penetration pricing technique seems appropriate. The pricing mechanism is preferable since the technology proves efficient in situations where intensive distribution channel is applicable for the sole purpose of intensifying product presence within target markets (Fill, 2009). In this case, it is possible to reach and satisfy customers who focus on value and quality in products within different market segments. It is also crucial that the company should develop strong partnership relations with large retailers within each market segment since this ensures the expansion of distribution channels that eventually contributes to higher sales (Piercy, 2009). Promotion vs. Sustainability In stimulating retail sales, Tassal runs price promotions with both retail and wholesale customers. In this case, Tassal also supplies cards with branded recipe that ensures effectiveness in communicating its brand profile. Tassal does most of its promotional programs through the leading recipe website such as Taste.com. They utilize the companys website in performing various promotional activities (Chaffey et al., 2009). The selling point of the companys advertisement on the internet depends highly on online brand recognition. The reason being, such ad utilizes the aspect of graphics to depict quality, an aspect that is crucial to ensure the brand maintains leadership in various market segments (Egan, 2007). The companys promotional activities through the internet are tailored to capture the attention of the families who are the majority in the largest market segments for protein products. The marketing strategy is sustainable since it leads to a significant influence on product sal es within target market segments of fresh, tinned, frozen and smoked fish. The sustainability part of it comes in the branding of salmon as fresh through internet marketing owing to easy accessibility and low costs involved in comparison to other forms of marketing (Clakins, 2012). The application of creative advertising as a promotional tool on the media platform should account for approximately 70% of all resources allocated. These resources are those focusing on sensitizing consumers concerning the benefits of its products. (Drewniany and Jewler, 2008). On the other hand, the company should ensure allocation of significant percentage to print media and internet advertising. In this case, the media advertising mechanisms should portray the product as having an advantage in quality over the competitors. Moreover, Tassal should utilize the personal selling mechanism as one most active channels of advertising for its low costs. Besides, its means of execution is simply face-to-face communication, use of coupons as well as loyalty programs within various segments (Drewniany and Jewler, 2008).For sustainability, the Marketing executives engage in product marketing, whereby they have the responsibility of ensuring appropriate allocation of resources necessary for p romotional activities. Such marketing processes should incorporate important aspects of public relations, advertising, and sales promotions. However, the process calls for an elaborate research that is necessary as precedence to any implementation plan within target markets. Such process guarantees the existence of a robust relationship between consumers and Tassal's products (Kotler and Armstrong, 2012). The use of promotion mix that involves awareness campaigns through such channels as social media and the internet are vital to the success and progression of the company within the industry (Barker et al., 2013). In this case, creativity in advertisements captures potential customers for they present product qualities. In this case, extensive publicity and personal selling are possible promotional tools that ensure the Company attracts a significant percentage of consumers within different market segments. Consequently, an aspect of identifying how effective marketing relates with productivity proves to be a major factor especially in defining market position (Omera and Bernard, 2007). Importantly, such products require the use of celebrities and third-party endorsers to reinforce the product brand image amongst the young generation globally. Place/Distribution vs. Sustainability For sustainability as the largest farmer of salmon in Atlantic, the company chooses to be selective on business partners despite having economies of scale. For instance, the company opted to cut its distribution contract with one of the largest supermarket chains in Australia, Coles for the reasons of ensuring stock sustainability in the long-run (Wallis, 2011). The strategy makes the company avoid over-reliance on few large buyers. Therefore, the remaining fish surplus can as well be exported at rather higher costs in the global market. The aspect of developing supply chains in Asian emerging markets presents the company with growth opportunities (Wooten, 2011). In the current global market, there is a necessity for Tassal to identify effective distribution channel that touches on all target populations within various segments. For instance, in the Australian market, Tassal makes use of retailers as well as chain stores for the purpose of distributing products. The other efficient and sustainable method involves the use of strategic alliances, for instance, the acquisition of De Costa Seafood opened a new market for the company, increasing its total target market from salmons $ 700 million. The entire market now includes over $ 4 billion in seafood. The acquisition made it possible the increase in revenue of over 50% in the last half of 2015 (Christenson et al., 2017). The strategy on leveraging current operations, distribution as well as reducing production costs has helped in improving margins for De Costa. Sustainability calls for the company to consider maximization on salmon growth efficiencies, making use of selective breeding to improve the size and also maximizing conversion ratios. The aspect of utilization of supermarkets on a frequent basis owing to their ability to accommodate and stock different products having the same brand name is necessary. This is contrary to convenience stores that only deal with a limited line of the pro ducts. However, such distribution mechanism demands enhancement through availing of goods to retailers of different kinds; off-premise and on-premise (Eggert and Ulaga, 2002). The aspect of diversification of products ensures the manufacture of products that are capable of satisfying the various consumer categories within different market segments. However, taste and nutritive requirements are crucial ingredients that guarantee recovery and enlargement of the companys market share. The other consideration should involve portraying salmon as a convenient and delicious source of protein that is easy to cook and economically feasible to consumers, not forgetting the producer. The success of the entire process of distribution demands an elaborate investment mechanism within the distribution infrastructure (Baker and Hart, 2007). The efficiency within the distribution channels of the company requires the incorporation of many distribution centers within the target market segment (Khanna, 2010). At the same time, the location of the storage facilities should be considered, whereby sustainability calls for the allocation of such facilities to be at closer proximity to production and breeding facilities. At the same time, the entire distribution should be done through the companys network of distribution channels that comprises convenience stores as well as supermarkets (Weihrich, 2010). From the perspective of Paas (2009), involving sound strategy in marketing products requires an elaborate plan that ensures implementation and development of innovative technologies. The use of direct marketing through social sites, emails and companys websites as previously discussed in this paper is appropriate. Additionally, the use of actionable data that incorporates the use of different databases that gives customer inform ation and inventory movement including the records of product returns is crucial. Such initiatives are critical when it comes to the point of identifying potential clients who usually identifies closely with the companys products. Such cases can utilize best multi-channel marketing procedure, which presents the best means through which products can reach consumers of different categories (Barnes et al., 2009). Comparison to Rivals The industry structure in most instances is perceived to be oligopolistic. This is since there are few dominants within the market, which accounts for a higher percentage of available segments. In this industry, the two lead players are Huon and Petunia (Porter, 2013). Notably, it is important that the analysis of the products within this industry be done based on competition within the market and especially by market share (Fifield, 2007). The seafood industry is characteristic of stiff competition amongst the rival groups; the few companies have dominance in the global market for quite some time. The industry records annual farming of approximately two million tons of salmon on the global front. The industry identifies Chile and Norway as worlds largest producers of salmon with 38% and 56% respectively of worlds production. However, Australia contributes a negligible percentage of approximately 2%. Tassal accounts for 49% of the total volume of salmon farmed in Australia. The other main competitors in the market are Huon and Petunia accounting for 38% and 13% respectively (Christenson et al., 2017). Recommendation Tassal should not only focus on market sustainability but also concentrate on environmental sustainability as one of the purchasing drivers for seafood. In this case, the focus should be on how to utilize waste waters from their hatchery facilities. For instance, such waters can be used for irrigation on agricultural lands. On the other hand, the product range of Tassal demands that they should identify and concentrate on the key buyers of seafood products within the various market segments. In this case, the key buyers are mainly independent retailers, distributors, shopping malls, and on-trade establishments. This, therefore, requires the use of updated strategies capable of attracting and retaining potential customers. Notably, the aspect of buyer power increases by the presence of large shopping malls as well as hypermarkets that account for a significant percentage of total market percentage; this provides consumers with the opportunity of high negotiating power. For this purpos e, Tassal should note that strong brands attract the consumers in the seafood market; therefore, the company should develop a strong brand with an inclusion of fresh products that will contribute towards the companys success in obtaining considerable market share (Close, 2012). References ACNielsen. 2010. Marketing Information Company providing research, information, Analysis and Insights to consumer products and service industries. Available at https://www.acnielsen.com/ Ahmed, K., Rafiq, M .2002, Internal Marketing tools and concepts for customer Focused management, Heinemann Elsevier, London Andruss, P. 2010. Market Segmentation. Marketing News, 6(44), 25 Baker, M., Hart, S. 2007. The Marketing Book. London: Routledge. Barker, M., Barker, D., Borman, N., Neher, K. 2013. Social Media Marketing: A strategic approach. Connecticut: South-Western CENGAGE Learning Barnes, C, Blake, H., Pinder, D. 2009. Creating Delivering your Value Proposition. Kogan Publishers, London Chaffey, D., Mayer, R., Johnston, K., Ellis-Chadwick, F. 2009. Internet Marketing: Strategy, Implementation and Practice. London: Prentice Hall Clakins, T. 2012. Breakthrough Marketing Plans: How to Stop Wasting Time and Start Driving Growth. NewYork: Palgrave Macmillan. Close, A. G. 2012. Online Consumer Behaviour: theory and research in social media, advertising and e-tail. London: Routledge Christenson, J.K., O'Kane, G.M., Farmery, A.K. and McManus, A., 2017. The barriers and drivers of seafood consumption in Australia: A narrative literature review. International Journal of Consumer Studies. Drewniany, B. J., Jewler, A. J. 2008.Creative Strategy in Advertising.Boston:Thomson Egan, J.2007. Marketing Communications, Thomson Learning, London Eggert, A., Ulaga, W. 2002. Customer-perceived value: a substitute for satisfaction In business markets? Journal of Business Industrial Marketing, 3 (17), 107-125 Fifield, P.2007. Marketing Strategy: The Difference between Marketing and Markets, (3rd Ed), Heinemann Publishers, London Fill, C.2009. Marketing Communications: Interactivity, Communications and Content, 5th edition, FT prentice Hall, Italy. Khanna, T.2010. Winning in Emerging Markets: a Road Map for Strategy and Execution, Harvard Business Press, Massachusetts, US Kotler, P., Keller, K. 2007.Marketing Management. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Kotler, P., Armstrong, G. 2012. Principles of marketing. 14 edn. New Jersey, NJ: Prentice Hall Lindgreen, A. Finn, W., 2005. Value in business markets: What do we know? Where are we going? Industrial Marketing Management, 34, 732- 748 Luther, W. M. 2013. The Marketing Plan How to prepare and implement it. New York: Amacom. Omar, M., Nwankwo, S. 2011. Internet Marketing and Customer Satisfaction in Emerging Markets: The case of Chinese online shoppers. Competitiveness review, 21 (2), 224-237. Omera, K., Bernard, B. 2007. Risk and supply chain management: creating a Research Agenda. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 18 (2), 197 - 216 Paas, L.2009. Database Marketing Practices and Opportunities in a newly emerging African market. Journal of Database Marketing Customer Strategy Management, 16 (2), 92-100 Payne, A. Holt, S. 2001. Diagnosing Customer Value: Integrating the Value Process and Relationship Marketing. British Journal of Management, 2 (12), pp 159 - 182 Piercy, F. 2009. Market-Led Strategic Change, (4th Ed.), Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford Porter, M. E. 2013. On Competition. Massachusetts: Harvard Business Press. Wallis, J., 2011. Tassal. Ausmarine, 33(6), p.29. Weihrich, H .2010. Management: a Global and Entrepreneurial Perspective. Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi Wilkins, L., 2005. Influences on Uptake of Innovative Technology in the Australian Food Industry. School of Computer and Information Science. Wooten, A. 2011. Preserving Brand Strength in Global Markets. Deseret News, WEB

Leadership Role, Benefits, and Limitations

Leadership is practices that influence other parties in completion of managerial aims and targets by directing the organization to become coherent and cohesive. For example, the mayoral role in a town is leadership, whereby he takes the responsibility of guiding the people to support the laid down policies for the development of the town. Leadership must involve responsibility.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership: Role, Benefits, and Limitations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More All leaders use this process for outstanding results and productivity. They only do this through a leadership process that entails them applying their skills and what they know to influence actions. Different leaders have different traits influencing their actions as, ‘Trait leadership’ ascertaining that people are never born already leaders, but they are made. However, exemplary leadership does not involve responsibili ties alone it incorporates the main concepts of leadership such as the role played by a good leader, excellent leadership skills, the effectiveness of the leadership activities carried out and the best leadership approach styles used by that leader. This paper’s aim is to discuss what leadership involves, the role it plays in adapting and dealing with organizational change, the benefits observed when using the approach of leadership in an organization and its limitations. The first concept of leadership is an exemplary leader: he may be a boss in the sense that he is somebody who has the responsibility of guiding and supervising a certain group to get the job done. The effectiveness of leadership must involve an exceptional leader who is creative and capable of inspiring more future leaders in his team. A principled leader deals with the group and the job because one without the other would mean no need of his leadership. Characteristics of a strong leader determine the effic iency of the group that he leads and the best leadership for increased productivity in an organization (Lencioni, 2002, p. 52). Some of the key things that contribute to the best leadership entail what the leader does, knows and who he is as a person.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Effective leadership must put in consideration the followers in an organization; this means the leadership styles used by a leader should be unique and related to the uniqueness of every group. For example, experienced employees need less supervision than the newly hired and the same applies to the under performers and motivated employees. Each group has their own characteristics hence one leadership style cannot work for all job groups in an organization. A leader would therefore need to base his leadership styles on the specialization of each group entirely. Understanding and caring for employe es needs is also extremely beneficial in building a working relationship. Another aspect that cannot be ignored in ensuring effectiveness in leadership is the leader. One must have an understanding of his personality, capabilities and the knowhow. In leadership, the person in charge ought to display a good sense of command, use his knowledge on the task and incorporate this in what he plans to do for the organization. Notably the followers determine the success of leader so if they distrust the leader then the organization is likely to face leadership challenges. A worthy leader would convince his followers that he is visionary and can be trusted. Additionally communication holds the key to exceptional leadership it is often nonverbal, but must work both ways. Relay information to the followers and let them have room to be able to raise their views and give feedback. The information that a leader relays to his followers either enhances his relations with them or destroys the same. F urthermore, situations determine the different styles applied by a leader and as a result, they carry much weight in predicting the effectiveness of leadership; in that different situations call for different approaches. Leadership and situation co-relate in that one cannot exist without the other; a certain situation prompts leadership and the leadership style approach used. For example, when an organization is undergoing change due to a major budget cut in the economy, a wise leader would apply the participative style of leadership in order to have everyone contributing in keeping the organization afloat.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership: Role, Benefits, and Limitations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More While traits changes with time in different situations, situations remain stable, hence they have more effect on the traits of a leader. Different forces affect and influence these four factors, the fo llowers’ skills, and their relationship with the seniors, the organizational strategy and the informal leaders within that organization (Northouse, 2007, p. 49). One can be either a boss or a leader. An assigned leader gets his authority through that position he holds in the organization but this does not qualify him as a leader. Leadership is different in the case that it motivates the followers into desiring to achieve the highest goals, (Emergent Leadership) as opposed to dictating your employees. Hence, assigned leadership is driven by the position one holds while emergent leadership influences the group in doing positive things. The Bass’ theory (Bass, 2008, p. 47) explains better, how people become leaders. Leadership development for a small group of people is defined using three different theories. First is the Great Events Theory; in this theory, unique leadership qualities portrayed by a common person may be prompted by a serious event or crisis that pushes th em to act. In the occurrence of a crisis, one can respond in a way that brings his outstanding leadership qualities or show his weakness in leadership. Secondly, in leadership development, there exists Trait Theory; certain qualities possessed by an individual naturally lead them into management responsibility. An individual with an outgoing personality is likely to focus on leadership as a career or an area interest as opposed to someone who has a laid-back personality. Lastly the Process or Transformational Leadership Theory is also crucial in explaining how some people learn leadership skills while others just get to be leaders by own choice. Transforming to become a leader would mean going through a training process to learn and adapt skills that lead to leadership development. On the hand, other people just choose leadership as a career and work tirelessly until they become exemplary leaders in the society.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A group of people work exceptionally well under a certain leader who has total control in playing his role as a leader; this is what defines total leadership. Followers always desire to be guided by those leaders whom they respect and have a defined sense of direction; attained by someone who is ethical and visionary. Leadership that turns out exceptional depends on a dedicated and respected leader who sacrifices all his time and effort to benefit the organization. From the employees’ perspective, ethical leadership entails what one does that affects and contributes to the accomplishment of organizational objectives and its wellbeing (Northouse, 2009, p. 47). On the other hand, components exist that contribute to the key factors influencing key leadership. In reference to the Hay Group study, Consultancy in global management, 75 components are significant to employee satisfaction hence effective leadership. The study concluded that effective communication was crucial in winni ng organizational confidence and trust. This can be achievable through assisting employees comprehend the business strategies, their contribution to the achievement of principal business objectives, and share with them information about the company’s progress and employee’s division in relation to the business strategies (Giuliani Kurson, 2002, p. 61). Moreover, self-confidence and reliance in the top management was the only way to foretell employees’ fulfillment. The other key concept of leadership that contributes to effective leadership is the principles of a leader. Tools to this effect involves: the knowledge one possesses and uses to improve himself in the sense that he must be able to understand his do’s, dont’s, his knowledge capacity, attributes, and constantly strengthen them. In addition, a leader must be familiar with their job and employees tasks if they plan to lead effectively and accomplish the company set goals. Another aspect is responsibility for one’s actions; in order to propel the organization to new heights one must know the situations at hand, analyze, correct and offer solutions before proceeding to other new challenges (Northouse, 2009 p.40). Additionally the best decision-making, planning and problem solving play a leading role in determining the effectiveness of leadership if well timed. Setting the example is very crucial when blending with employees because they need an excellent role model who not only gives instructions of what is to be done but also follows the same. For effective leadership, having the knowledge of your followers is very necessary in caring and understanding their human nature in order to also keep the employees satisfied. Communication is also important since workers need to be informed through constant interaction with other seniors in getting views and feedback that effect to exemplary leadership. An added advantage would be training these workers on responsibility to equip them with traits that become useful when performing their respective tasks (Giuliani and Kurson 2002, p.61). Furthermore, delegation of simplified duties to workers determines the level of leadership effectiveness for example, when giving instructions on tasks to be accomplished; leaders should ensure the clarity of what each employee is expected to do. In addition to the above, leaders should advocate for more team-building training and workshops with the aim of attaining organizational cohesiveness in order for leadership to be successful. Lastly, utilization of organizational capabilities should be activated in that the developed togetherness of the team assists a leader to drive the organization to its full potential and capabilities. As an added advantage, the attributes of a leader determine the level of trust and respect from his employees and a certain framework of leadership aids him to do so. The do, know and be, attributes must be acquired through constant educa tion of self, study and work in order to achieve the best leadership and leadership skills. The process of leadership involves the leader’s knowledge and skills, but his unique attributes make his leadership exceptional (Posner Kouzes, 2009, p. 66). Some of the characteristics of an outstanding leader entail a visionary leader who has the understanding of the people and the task to be able to shape the image of the organization. For example, the exemplary leader Christopher Columbus, who is a strong leader someone who has thick skin to stand and accept any criticism about his plans and still stay focused? Strong opinioned and hardly compromises their work or lose focus from their goal due to mishaps. Exceptional leaders are not born, but they are made. An individual with passion and a strong sense of command makes the best leader. Developing an exemplary leader takes a lot of effort put in studying the right person for the task, educating them and building their experience ( Khurana Nohria, 2010, p. 81). The role of leadership in organizational change In an effort to do organizational change, management leadership is the most crucial element needed with the top management playing the most pivotal role in this change. This leadership has its limitations and benefits that affect and influence the employees work lives respectively. Effective and un-manipulated leadership guarantee the success of wiping out the unpleasant effects that arise from the change. The success of wiping out the unpleasant effects of change depends on successful leadership. First impression of a leader’s competitiveness and qualities in dealing with change matters more than the change-taking place. For effective management of change, one needs to be knowledgeable about the three distinguished zones of time such as, the preparation stage, surviving through the change and the period after the change. The role of leadership in an organization undergoing change depends on the ab ilities of the leaders. Often during change in the organization, employees would expect the best from their leaders in terms of dealing with the change hence communication plays a key role in implementing change. Leadership comes out as support, commitment and concern of the employees’ welfare during the change times as well discovering the need to make tough decisions (March Weil, 2005, p. 75). The first step in dealing with change is to have leadership that employees can believe in to give them new vision into the future of the organization. Able leaders deal with the impacts of change practically by mobilizing the employees and applying the best leadership style approaches to get through the change. The existence of leadership from the point change begins until the phase after the change is the key subject to note when dealing with change. However, for easy transition and coping during change effective leadership must be established first before the unpleasant organizatio nal hits. A solid foundation laid down through leadership should put an organization at a better position for any changes that occur in the future. For effectiveness in transition to organizational change, a leader needs to establish a proper record of decision-making and credibility. Hence, the employees would trust one’s ability to figure out solutions to get them through the change (Wooden Jamison, 2005, p. 29). Surviving through change is the second time zone when leadership plays a valuable role during the implementation of change. The period of change renders the organization most vulnerable and unstable due to many changing characteristics in the employees. Hence, a wise leader would concentrate on identifying ways of motivating and improving the welfare of his employees. Secondly, leaders assist employees in transitioning after change through pulling all the resources and finding solutions as a team. The key role that leadership plays in this phase is balancing the t ime to focus on change, pain and move to the future (Daft Lane, 2011, p. 63). Arrival period is the phase after the change, has taken place characterized by less emotion, more stability and workers ready to forge a new direction with a fresh mandate. Therefore, more responsibility is dumped on leadership to effect new ways that work to the organization’s advantage. Additionally, the leaders make a better future for the employees by offering long lasting solutions that improve their lives at work. The ultimate role of leadership in this period is completing the change by convincing employees accept the current situation and understand their new roles in the changed organization. Collaboration and communication are some of the leadership behaviors that contribute to support and adaptation during organizational change (Clampitt Dekoch, 2001, p. 54). Discussing with examples what are the benefits and limitations of leadership approach The benefits and limitations of the leaders hip approach can only be realized in the different leadership styles used by various leaders in their respective organizations. A leadership style is the manner of approach that leaders use in providing direction and implementing the plans of an organization to get things done. Benefits of the leadership approach Leadership is extremely useful in urgent circumstances and the military in determining the direction and success of sound decisions. Some time, the people in the field of combat may prefer direct instructions from someone in control on what to do than think and make wrong decisions. The best leadership approach in this case is the Autocratic styles where by the subordinates receive orders on what to do and without questioning or disputing; they carry out those orders to the latter. Limitation of arguments is another beneficial role of the leadership approach. In any work environment, there exist different employees with different views and personality’s hence lengthy debates may likely occur if all those employees were to be given room to have it their way in performing the organizations tasks. Hence, leadership through autocratic style limits the chance of such occurrences by having one leader delegating all the duties, supervising and dictating order at the workplace (Kouzes Posner, 2002, p. 34). Leadership offers intellectual stimulation: it inspires people into creative and diverse thinking by suggesting new dimensions of looking at things as in the case of business. For example, this was evident in Martin Luther King’s role as a leader (Phillip’s,2000,p.31) because he constantly inspired and motivated his people through his fluent speaking style and gave them a compelled vision on life. It has charismatic influence in politics especially for people who apply this approach. It gives them the poise and confidence to be able to address and convince an audience in supporting their political stand. As in the 1970’s case wh en James McGregor Burns developed it to guide all the leaders in politics, (Burns, 1979, p.15) Leadership made the political leaders energetic, dynamic and gave them a strong sense of command. Whenever good leadership exists in an organization, employees and other members of staff get individualized attention basing on their varied grievances. Leaders using transformational leadership style attend and constantly monitor the well-being of employees through team building and motivational activities. This ensures meeting of individual needs leading to employee satisfaction hence increased productivity. Additionally, leadership approach dictates the foundation and direction of solving problems in instances of clashes on behavioral standards or values. Leadership plays a significant role in this by laying down strategies that act as a guide in solving the clashes conflict. An example of this benefit existed in U.S. through Martin Luther King’s leadership he successfully appealed f air play by advocating for the outlaw on buses’ segregation (Wise Kowalski, 2010, p. 37). This approach strengthens employees’ position in an organization through team spirit. Involving the employees in decision-making in the same way leaders do in the democratic style of leadership ensures efficiency of leadership and satisfaction on the part of the employee. Hence, increased input resulted because they feel as part of the organization. Reduced gap in communication through leadership: for example, application of the democratic style of leadership clears tension in any work environment. This is achievable only through giving employees the freedom of speech and contribution into the organizational decision-making process. This addresses problems and issues just as seen in the Obama’s regime. Obama’s rule is more effective than for any leader in the past; his democratic leadership style ensures the hearing of common citizens and their needs met (Laszlo La ugel, 2000, p. 52). Leadership approach creates a positive environment for working in several organizations. It encourages fair distribution of challenges and responsibility among the junior workers as witnessed in a school setting. When the vibe is right among workers in a company work, becomes more fun. Any learning and working environment utilizing the use of leadership approach inspires creativity during problem solving and task performance. Leadership with this motive ensures that all ideas as different as they may be included in one box for reaping of greater benefits to an organization. Hence when that happens creativity resulted from the complexity of the final idea reached. For example in Skype leadership focused more on results and not efforts as highlighted by Terry Brock in an interview about their leadership styles. He asserted that Skype’s leadership motivated employees through team play to get the job done; additionally they cultivated and supported creativity (Tangri, 2010) by awarding their employees. Increased safety at work enforced through the leadership style in use. Safety and health rules enforced by certain leaders in the bureaucratic leadership style ensure maintenance of health and save lives thus increased safety at work. The people who benefit more from this leadership approach are the construction workers and the medical staff in hospitals. In addition to the discussed benefits, exemplary leadership increases the quality of work in an organization. It is common sense that supervision is crucial in any work environment for the achievement of excellent result. Hence leadership plays that role in supervision, and as a result, only the best piece of work achieved; high quality. Influential parastatals and successful companies like the Microsoft company headed by Gates benefited from his visionary leadership(Prince, 2005, p.20) where by he led by taking part in reforming the products to meet the customer demands hence the quality of Microsoft product increased tremendously. Leadership approach encourages the division of labor where by the managers, junior workers team up, and work together for the same course in a company. In participative leadership applied mostly at construction sites, division of labor is common. It allows the efficient utilization of skills and talents in a certain job hence resulting into increased input that is profitable for the company (Burns, 1979, p. 25). Limitations of the leadership approach Leadership limits the social appeal and autonomy in an organization. The pushy and dictatorial leadership applied by some leaders kills the whole essence of interactive cohesiveness at work because the employees had worked in fear and close supervision by their respective leaders. Employees become afraid to communicate to each other or interact with their supervisors because of tension and distrust they have. For example of leadership in prison and army camps, they viewed the juniors as robo ts to follow orders from the superiors (Wise Kowalski, 2010, p.40). Secondly, there prolonged decision-making has been observed in many cases applying this approach; the process depends entirely on the leadership style used by a leader. A longer decision-making process means a democratic or situation leadership style while autocratic style of leadership has the shortest process of making decisions. The top leaders word is always the final decision as to a family where the parent makes the decision most of the time for the young kids. Decisions are long drawn in the case of democratic leadership. Here, all the team members undergo consultation and feedback collected from each one of them before making decisions (Kouzes and Posner, 2002, p. 43). Another limitation is the dehumanization of humanity for instance, the bureaucratic leadership approach removes the potential of errors by a human and all enjoyment sucked by the rewards of their hard work; work becomes just a routine rather a passion. As for the example of leadership under Muammar Gaddafi’s rule; he dictated every thing and anyone opposed to his rule got killed or imprisoned (Ezro Frantz, 2011, p.22). He started ruling Libya when at 27years and stuck in power where he set the committees of how people lived and even ruled the media; depriving the people their humanity freedom. An additional negative impact of leadership approach occurs in instances of obsession in the power of a position by some leaders. The power and authority that enforced by certain working environments makes the leaders self absorbed in power and greediness of a certain position that they forget the critical aspects of their leadership. This not only kills the team spirit but the organizational overall productivity. An example of such a limitation is evident in politics in most countries, where the leaders fight for power and forget all about the people, the sole reason why they are in power (Lencioni, 2002 p. 40). Furthermor e, personal growth sometimes stagnated with the wrong leadership or obsessive leadership. Some leaders obsess on leading others, and they bar any chances the employees would have in expressing their creativity and growing professionally. This example was experienced by many immediate subordinates to CEO’s of most organization they want to remain in power in power. Lastly, misappropriation of funds is almost top on the list in limitations of leadership approach. Most leaders use their power and positions in their respective organizations to embezzle and misuse funds. Additionally, they hide the accounting blanks under so many less weighty projects. For example, this is a common occurrence when it comes to college and students’ trust funds like in the Philippines, college trust funds have really been misused in the past, through bad leadership hence, you will notice the dwindling level of education in some parts of the country (Posner and Kouzes 2009 p. 52). In conclusio n, leadership is not just the responsibility of leading others but, as an employee, it entails dealing with the situations that are present and making professional sound decision that favor the group, the organization and the objective tasks to be accomplished. In time of change, a leader should show support for the situation and play his role in implementing leadership skills that would give direction of the organizational future after the change. All in all leaders are made, not born but, true leaders are made in a long process of leadership. References Bass, B. M. 2008. The Bass handbook of leadership: theory, research, and application  4. ed. 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Northouse, P G 2007, Leadership: theory and practice (4th ed.), SAGE Publications, Thousand Oaks. Northouse, P G 2009, Introduction to leadership: concepts and practice, Sage Publications, Los Angeles. Phillips, D T 2000, Martin Luther King, Jr. on leadership: inspiration wisdom for  challenging times 1st. print. New York: Warner. Posner, B Z K ouzes, J M 2009, The leadership challenge, Soundview Executive Book Summaries, Concordville. Prince, E T 2005. The 3 financial styles of very successful leaders: strategic  approaches to identifying the growth drivers of every company. New York: McGraw-Hill. Tangri, R 2010, Feb. 15. Leadership at Skype: Leadership is not rocket science. Chrysalis NavigateComplexity.Net. Retrieved from vimeo.com/9476279 Wise, P S Kowalski, K 2010, Leadership, Saunders, Philadelphia. Wooden, J Jamison, S 2005, Wooden on leadership, McGraw-Hill, New York. 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